In the 21st century, ventilation for the home is a prerequisite for a comfortable stay of a person.
Ventilation in a frame house is the key to comfort and well-being. Therefore, the specialists should carry out the implementation of the ventilation system project in order not to miss important details on which the efficiency of the system depends.
The main tasks of the ventilation system:
1. Maintaining CO2 performance standards using СО2 sensors.
At the same time, the system must be balanced. The balance is that the amount of air supplied must be equal to the exhaust. In order for the residents to receive comfortable conditions, it is necessary to implement the correct air exchange. To achieve this, you must perform the following steps:
The air supply must be in “clean areas”. It can be: a bedroom, a living room, a nursery.
The exhaust air must be extracted in “dirty areas”. This includes rooms such as a bathroom, kitchen, dressing room, etc.
2. Maintaining the required level of humidity.
The implementation of a ventilation system with the introduction of a steam generator (active steam humidification) or an enthalpy recuperator (passive humidification) can maintain a microclimate with the required level of humidity in the room. When using an enthalpy recuperator, the moisture that is taken from the bathrooms is reused, humidifying the air in the “clean zones”. The task of the steam generator is to maintain a relative humidity of up to 60% in the room, regardless of the season.
3. Energy efficiency of the building.
Today, the construction of modern houses considers energy efficiency standards (the presence of high-quality double-glazed windows and heat-insulating materials for external structures). Consequently, the supply and movement of air masses in the room is minimized.
Based on this, the supply of fresh air to housing will occur in a small amount, respectively, there will be an excess of CO2, which negatively affects the performance and well-being of a person.
The implementation of the natural ventilation system is not an effective solution. Since, airing using open windows has several disadvantages:
dirt, insects and other contaminants and allergens;
not permanent supply of fresh air;
supply of cold air in winter, thereby increasing the load on the heating system;
supply of warm air in summer, which increases the load on the cooling system.
The natural type ventilation system involves the implementation of the process of supplying air to the room and removing air from it, without using mechanical devices. Thus, the air inflow can be carried out through open windows, various cracks and leaks in the building structure. However, high-quality thermal insulation of houses is the main task for ensuring a high class of energy efficiency at home nowadays, so the implementation of this solution is inefficient.
The forced-type ventilation system ensures the implementation of an optimal microclimate using mechanical devices:
exhaust and supply fans;
breathers;
ventilation units.
Forced ventilation in a frame house is divided into several types:
exhaust / supply;
supply and exhaust.
You can study in detail the information about each type in the section “Options for forced ventilation in a frame house”.
Foremost, the concept of breathing walls implies the appearance of an infiltration process – the entry of outside air into the room through the material of the building envelope. This means that the building is not hermetic. However, as we mentioned earlier, modern building construction technologies imply construction according to all the energy efficiency standards. Therefore, this solution is considered impractical in terms of energy efficiency. Therefore, we recommend our customers to install a ventilation system to obtain high-quality air exchange.
Natural unorganized ventilation involves the implementation of air exchange through leaks in doors, windows and various cracks. As we mentioned earlier, this system is not energy efficient, as this type of system has disadvantages:
Insufficient air exchange and low quality of supplied air;
there is no air treatment. Consequently, the air that enters the home through the windows will be uncleaned, cold or warm.
supply of warm/cold air, which will create discomfort for a person.
You can find detailed information about ventilation using open windows in the section: “Why you need ventilation in a frame house”.
Organized ventilation in a frame house is called infiltration – the process of entry of outside air into housing through leaks in external structures. As we mentioned earlier, infiltration is not considered a viable solution from an energy efficiency point of view, since cold or warm air will be brought into the room, thereby increasing the load on the heating system in winter and the cooling system in summer.
Exhaust-type frame house ventilation removes polluted air, odors, and excess moisture from the room with a help of special equipment.
Elimination of harmful exhaust air can be carried out using various types of exhaust fans
which are installed in "dirty areas".
There are several types of exhaust fans:
Supply ventilation in a frame house is a system that provides the building with fresh air.
Thus, it is possible to implement natural type ventilation by using a supply valve, the operation of which is based on the ventilation function. The supply valve has the advantages of an affordable price and simple installation (installation is made in the wall). However, this device has many disadvantages:
insufficient air exchange for a comfortable stay of a person;
inflow of cold or warm air, depending on the period of the year;
absence of an engine, so it is necessary to use additional equipment to extract the exhaust air.
As auxiliary equipment for the extraction of exhaust air can be:
The difference between the above devices is that centrifugal units have greater performance and lower noise characteristics than axial ones.
However, the installation of centrifugal fans is mainly carried out in the ceiling space, and the air is removed using an air duct that leads to the ventilation duct, and then is covered with drywall. Based on this, the installation of devices should take place before or during the repair, so as not to disturb the interior of the room.
Meanwhile, the installation of an axial fan is implemented in the ventilation duct.
However, both fans can have different modifications:
We trust and often use centrifugal fans from the following manufacturers, which you can buy on our website:
Supply type ventilation is divided:
Modular.
Monoblock.
Breather.
Ventilation in a prefabricated frame house is a system which components are selected separately, according to your wishes for microclimate parameters. For example, a modular ventilation system may have the following elements:
The advantage of the modular ventilation system is the price of the equipment.
However, it is important to consider that the following disadvantages are present in the modular system:
massive lowering of the ceiling;
if the aerodynamic calculation is incorrect, noise will appear when the system is turned on;
there is no recuperator. Therefore, the heat will simply be removed to the street through the exhaust system, which, in turn, is an irrational decision in terms of cost-effectiveness;
it is necessary to provide a separate place for ventilation equipment in the technical room.
We trust the popular equipment of such brands:
Ventilation of a frame house of a monobloc type implies a combination of all of the above components in one ventilation unit.
There are different systems of a monobloc type:
The air supply unit is a full-fledged supply equipment, inside which all the necessary components for operation are placed.
The main advantage of the supply unit is the cost of the equipment.
However, the disadvantages of the supply unit include:
- This device is not in high demand among customers because the unit is expensive to operate.
- The absence of a recuperator, as a result of which in winter it will be necessary to spend a lot of electricity to heat the supply air to optimal performance. In addition, heated air will simply be removed to the street from bathrooms, dressing rooms, etc. Therefore, in order not to spend a lot of money, it is more rational to use a recuperator (a heat exchanger inside which there are plates that perform the function of dividing air flows).
Manufacturers of air supply units that are in demand among customers:
A breather is a device that forcibly carries out the supply of air masses into the room, purifying and heating it in advance. The unit is equipped with fine and coarse filters, which prevents dust, fluff, dirt from entering the room.
We recommend the following breather brands:
As we have already mentioned, the ventilation system must work in balance. Thus, a mandatory requirement is the installation of an exhaust type system (fans can be used). As we mentioned earlier, there are such exhaust devices:
on/off;
with built-in timer;
with a timer and a humidity sensor.
The main advantages of breathers are the following points:
reasonable price;
Installation of the device can be carried out in a ready-made repair, unlike other types of ventilation of the supply type.
In addition, a significant drawback of engineering solutions (supply unit or breather + exhaust fan) is the lack of energy efficiency. The heated air will simply be removed to the street, which consumes a lot of electricity, and, accordingly, money. Therefore, these solutions are quite costly and not rational.
Supply and exhaust ventilation in a frame house is a monobloc device, the task of which is to perform two functions:
fresh air supply to the premises;
extraction of harmful exhaust air from the house.
The supply and exhaust unit is assembled from the necessary components to create high-quality air exchange, adhering to performance standards. As a result, residents will be able to receive constant air exchange, maintaining CO2 and air moisture levels in accordance with performance standards.
Supply and exhaust ventilation with a built-in recuperator is a system designed to supply and exhaust air from a room, while, thanks to the recuperator in a frame house, heat will not be disposed to outdoors, unlike when using exhaust fans. As a result, the heating of the supplied air will be carried out thanks to the exhaust air, from which the heat will be taken. The residents of the house will be able to spend less money on electricity, and there will also be a decrease in the load on the heating system.
For residential buildings, we prefer to use a plate recuperator - this is a heat exchanger, inside which there are plates, due to which the airflow are separated. Accordingly, the removed air heats the plates, and the supply air takes this heat (the air temperature rises). In addition, you can use an enthalpy-type recuperator, that takes moisture from bathrooms, which is reused, passively humidifying the air in bedrooms, children's and other rooms, and also retains heat that is released along with moisture.
The ventilation units of the German brand Meltem deserve special attention. They can be used as household recuperators for organizing a decentralized ventilation system. Therefore, they will supply clean air locally, in the room where they are installed. However, a network of air ducts can be run from the Meltem ventilation unit. Then it will turn into a centralized system and provide better air distribution throughout the house. This will be an excellent solution for housing up to 80 sq.m.
When implementing engineering systems, we use new innovative methods and units from manufacturers that have high ratings in terms of quality, durability and other important indicators. For example, we implement a ventilation system using a highly efficient air-handling unit with a built-in recuperator of the JABLOTRON FUTURA L/M. This system is equipped with VAV valves, CO2 sensors and an ItalianFaber kitchen hood, which can be connected to this system.
The operation of the ventilation system is based on the following points:
The availability of CO2 sensors, the location of which is made in living areas. CO2 sensors are attached to VAV valves, whose task is to respond to information from the sensors, respectively, they increase or decrease the air supply.
When the level of CO2 is above the standard values, the system “understands” and starts working to supply the right amount of air to the room where it is needed. Thus, when the CO2 level in the room meets the standard values, the valves close and the air supply stops.
When you turn on the Faber kitchen hood, all dampers that are located in the bathrooms, dressing rooms and other rooms are closed and the dampers on the Faber kitchen hood open. As a result, fresh air is supplied to living rooms, and air is extracted from the kitchen. As a result, the smell that appears during the cooking process does not move to other rooms.
Consequently, our customers will receive the most efficient ventilation system and a high level of comfort.
First of all, in order to proceed with the installation of equipment and the installation of a ventilation system in a frame house, it is necessary to study the structure of the building (structural elements include walls, floors, roofs, foundations, etc.). Often, a frame house is built from an OSB panel, which is a three-layer structure: panels are located on both sides with insulation between them.
Therefore, before purchasing a frame house, you need to find out about the possibility of installing a ventilation system. Since, punching holes on either side of the frame can harm the integrity of the house.
First of all, we are engaged in the development of pre-project documentation in order to further implement the ventilation system, taking into account the wishes of customers. We invite clients to a meeting in the office, where you can visually see the implemented ventilation system. At this stage, we offer different types of project implementation, as well as equipment and materials that will be used in the implementation of the system.
Then comes the selection process. The company offers our customers various units, using them to implement the system, the difference between which lies in the budget, quality, and main characteristics.
Thereafter, the engineers are engaged in the design of the ventilation system. Having studied all the wishes and received information from the customer, the specialists form documents that include a drawing and calculations. In addition, the design includes tasks for related specialists. If the customer needs, the ventilation project for the frame house can be agreed with the designers.
Then, the specialists provide a system installation service, which will be performed strictly according to the drawing.
The commissioning process is an important stage, since the ventilation system is checked for proper operation.
The final stage is service. For optimal functioning of the ventilation system and equipment, regular maintenance is necessary in order to ensure long and efficient operation.
The chosen brand of ventilation equipment has a rather large influence on pricing. Engineers provide different options regarding the implementation of the ventilation system, taking into account the budget and the wishes of the customer
Low-cost option of the system |
Turnkey service |
from 250 000 UAH |
|
Medium option of the system |
Turnkey service |
from 350 000 UAH |
|
Premium option of the system |
Turnkey service |
from 450 000 UAH |
The main task of bathroom ventilation in a frame house is the extraction of odor and moisture. As we said earlier, in order to create high-quality (optimal) air exchange in the house, the ventilation system must work in balance. Accordingly, 3 options can be implemented in the bathroom, regarding the extraction of air with a certain amount of smell and moisture:
However, you need to create a balance of systems:
The ventilation system of a frame house in the kitchen can be carried out in several ways, which differ in the use of different equipment:
When windows are opened, air masses will enter the housing + a kitchen hood, due to which air is exhausted. However, as we already mentioned, open windows are natural ventilation, which is considered not energy efficient. You will find detailed information above in the section: "Why do we need ventilation in a frame house."
Using supply ventilation. Thanks to the automation, including the hood, the supply-type ventilation in the kitchen will automatically turn on, the operation of which will be based on the compensation of the exhaust air.
Air handling unit + kitchen hood (which is installed above the hob). The principle of operation of the system is based on maintaining aт air exchange balance. However, when the kitchen hood is turned on to extract some odorous air from the kitchen, the system will be out of balance. Since, for example, an air handling unit is designed to supply 400 m3 of air and exhaust the same amount of air. In addition, the hood in the kitchen is also designed to release another 400 m3 of air. Thus, an imbalance will appear (supply 400 cubic meters of air, and 800 cubic meters must be taken away). As a result, the disadvantage of implementing this system is that when the hood is turned on in the kitchen, the extraction of air masses increases, respectively, the supplied air will not have time to heat up to the required indicators, thereby reducing the efficiency of the heat exchanger. Thus, in winter there will be an increase in the load on the heating system, and in summer - on the cooling system. Therefore, in order to avoid an imbalance in the system, it is necessary to use an auxiliary unit - a supply unit, due to which compensation will occur, since the unit is able to create an air inflow. In addition, you need to understand that additional costs must be spent on the implementation of the air-handling unit.
The combination of Futura L/M with Faber kitchen hood. The installation of the kitchen hood in a frame house is carried out above the hob, combined with the ventilation system thanks to VAV valves. The functioning of the system is based on providing the ventilation unit with the necessary amount of air, considering the normative indicators, and the exhaust air will be extracted through Faber. As a result, the residents of the house will have a ventilation balance. In addition, thanks to the heat exchanger, the Faber hood will be able to work by reusing the heat that appears during cooking. Therefore, thanks to this system, the movement of odors into living rooms will be zero, and there will also be a decrease in the load on the heating system in winter, and, accordingly, a decrease in heating costs.
We do not work with the ventilation of floors, foundations and roofs, since this stage of work can be performed by specialists when constructing a building.
Кондиционеры Daikin FBA 60 – мощные сплит-системы канального типа, предназначенные для скрытого монтажа практически любого помещения.
Highly efficient air handling unit for general ventilation in houses and apartments. Reuses the heat and moisture that are present in the room. Has a "native" VAV-system (variable air supply).
The Jablotron Futura L ventilation unit with heat and moisture recovery ensures high-quality air exchange at the apartment, and also reduces the load on the heating system in the cold season. Thanks to the Alfa wall controller and the MyJablotron mobile app it is easy to operate the unit.
Flexible air ducts Airflex have a high degree of plasticity, which allows air to be supplied even to hard-to-reach areas. Moreover, they are covered with a layer of thermal insulation, which prevents heat loss and absorbs noise characteristics during the operation of the ventilation unit.
Thanks to galvanized steel, the duct does not suffer corrosion and other damaging influences. Thus, the long-term operation of the climate systems is ensured.
The Daikin duct air conditioner provides efficient room cooling. The FBA series has a rather thin body, which makes it easy to place in a ceiling space. The self-diagnosis function ensures a safe operation of the device and indicates problems if any occur.
Double-slot diffusers from the TROX brand are designed for high-quality air distribution throughout the room. They combine visual aesthetics and high technical potential. Air currents are given in different directions, evenly scattering and avoiding any drafts. Outwardly, only laconic lines on the ceiling remain visible.
A low-pressure internal duct unit Daikin FDXM 35F is installed in the ceiling space of the bathroom - it works to cool the bedroom. It is accessed through hatches. The capacity of the air conditioner is enough to service rooms up to 35 m2, which is optimal for a given room. The lowering of the ceiling in a technical room was 300 mm.
Vertical indirect heating boiler Drazice OKSE 200 l is designed to provide apartment residents with hot water. The inner surface of the tank is covered with high-quality enamel without nickel, which ensures a long operation of the water heater, and there is also an anti-corrosion coating. The temperature inside can be kept between 7 and 77 ℃. The water heating indicator always shows the current temperature on the front of the tank. There is a fast heating function. This is an excellent solution for an apartment, allowing you not to depend on seasonal blackouts and other inconveniences.
Electric boiler Vaillant Ecoblock An electric boiler Vaillant Ecoblock with a capacity of 6 kW and efficiency of up to 99% works for heating and hot water supply of the entire apartment. It has a wide range of temperature settings for both heating and hot water supply. There are frost protection and 2-level overheating protection. Equipped with eBus data transmission technology. With the help of a capillary thermostat, residents can smoothly regulate the heating temperature in the range from 25 to 85 ℃
The Zilmet expansion tank is designed to compensate extra pressure in the heating system. Works in conjunction with the Vaillant electric boiler above. The special inner lining of the tank prevents the growth of any bacteria, that is, the water does not acquire a metallic taste, does not stagnate or change its properties.
A modern system for filtering and softening water: cleans water from all kinds of impurities and odors, neutralizes iron, making it soft, pleasant and safe for household appliances, water pipes and human use. The purified water is also suitable for drinking directly from the tap. The refiner does not require changing the carbon filters, and is controlled via WiFi - maximum automation and comfort!
The ventilation of a frame house is selected individually, taking into account the budget and the wishes of the customer. We prefer to implement the ventilation system by installing a Jablotron Futura L/M air-handling units. You can study detailed information above in the section: “Examples of ventilation systems in frame houses from Alter Air”.
In order to get a high-quality ventilation system in terms of efficiency, it is better to contact specialists. Alter Air has vast experience in the field of engineering, so we guarantee a high-quality result. We are engaged in the implementation of turnkey projects, respectively, we value our customers and are responsible for the work performed, taking into account all stages of the project.
The company implements turnkey ventilation systems, so we are engaged in the implementation of the complete process of engineering systems - from concept creation to installation and maintenance of equipment. For more details, you can read the information in the section: “Stages of ventilation implementation in a frame house."
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Сергей МазурИнженер-проектировщик
Sergiiy Mazur
