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Plumbing is one of the main facilities in a residential building. Competent approach combines housing design with optimal engineering solutions. Therefore, our task is to create an individual project of a water supply system for your house or apartment.
Water supply design is necessary to ensure the supply of water to a house or apartment, considering the main factors – the amount of consumption and the characteristics of sanitary ware (plumbing).
The whole process of water supply can be divided into two types – external and internal.
External water supply – these are communications through which water enters private houses and apartments. For apartment buildings, water is supplied from the central city pipeline. It is cleaned according to certain sanitary standards and supplied to the residential sector. For private houses, as a rule, water from an artificial well is used, which is supplied to a boiler station, and then is distributed throughout the house.
Internal water supply is the circulation of water within the building itself. The task of design in this case is to make sure that water moves through the pipes without problems in the required volume and complies with the design solutions of your home. It is also important to understand that the plumbing system is inextricably linked with the sewerage system.
Alter Air company designs internal water supply systems and implements effective engineering solutions for apartments and private houses.
To design an internal plumbing in an apartment or house, you need to consider several factors that will form the basis of engineering calculations. Water supply design considers:
the number of people living,
the number of “water supply points”,
plumbing development.
Depending on these parameters, it is necessary to calculate the features of the piping, as well as the amount of water that will be required for permanent use. For example, if there are two people in a family and one bathroom point, we understand that the shower will be used in turn. In this case, water consumption is calculated per person, which is approximately 30-40 l / min. However, if there are two bathrooms in which residents take a shower at the same time, the flow rate will be already 60-80 l / min. The difference is noticeable, and this load on the pipelines must be considered.
A plumbing development is a clear list of what plumbing will be used in a particular apartment according to a design project. Why is it important? In plumbing, there are certain key points. For example, at what height should the bathroom sink faucet be located or where the hidden parts of the shower system (temperature controls, mode switches) will be installed.
It is necessary to clearly understand where exactly they are in the design project to correctly lay the pipelines at the construction stage. Only then you can install the visible parts of the plumbing and add new ones if necessary (for example, over time you will need to add another shower head for a child or an additional faucet under the bathroom sink).
It is significant to consider that the diameters of pipelines for plumbing are also selected based on water consumption. After all, for example, one shower head can consume 36 liters of water, and the other – 12 liters. If you choose the wrong piping system, a pressure drop situation can arise: when you take a shower in one bathroom, and the water pressure drops sharply when someone opens a tap in another area.
There are two types of piping:
Plumbing design also includes the Neptune water leakage protection system. Special sensors identify the leak and automatically shut off the water supply. In the case of a dead-end wiring, the water will be blocked to all “wet zones”, and with a radial system, only the branch where the problem is detected will be blocked.
The installation teams of Alter Air implement the final project.
According to state construction norms and regulations, the most important thing is to combine the design project for plumbing with water consumption calculations. The plumbing is designed in such a way that it considers the number of people living and passes as much water as needed for a particular device and the built-in parts that they have (washbasins, bathtubs, shower systems).
Usually, water comes to private houses from wells. These wells are made by individual companies, which, because of maps of regional resources, determine the location of a high-quality water layer. By “quality layer” we mean water with a minimum number of impurities – minerals, salts, and iron. However, without technical water treatment, it cannot be used in the household segment.
Therefore, before implementing water distribution in a private house, it must first be cleaned and softened. The treatment system is selected based on the results of water quality analysis. If it has an increased level of iron content, a water iron removal system is additionally installed. Thus, the technical purification of water from a well will consist of two parts: iron removal and softening. However, even after these stages, you cannot drink it.
The water supply to the apartment is limited by the norms of city water supply. Water is supplied to a multistory building in a volume calculated for the number of apartments and the people living in them. The piping layout is standardized, so it is impossible to influence the water pressure and regulate the pressure.
As we said at the beginning, water enters the multistory buildings from the Kyiv city water supply system – either from wells or from the Dnipro River. Connection and design of the water supply system is not implemented without water treatment. The state is obliged to purify the extracted water and make it suitable for use. Minerals, salts, iron are removed from it, but the water is not made “soft”.
At the household level, we notice this in the form of scale in the kettle or when we have dry skin after a shower. Therefore, for apartments it is necessary to apply additional cleaning and softening, and only then distribute it through new pipes.
The price for designing water supply systems depends on the so-called “water supply points”, that is, the points of water outlets in the house. The price includes a water supply and sewerage project.
Apartment/private house |
1 "water supply point" Water + sewerage |
4 000 UAH |
It is necessary to make a project for water supply at the construction stage, taking into account three factors: the number of people, the number of “water supply points” and the location of sanitary ware (plumbing). When installing a water supply system, there should be clear bindings for plumbing, in which there will be a combined design project and engineering solutions. For example, at what height the faucet and its handles should be, what distance from the sink and what distance from the cabinet or other furniture or how to install an asymmetric bathroom sink faucet. All these key parameters must be calculated in advance and to the smallest detail, so that in the future you do not have to remove tiles, pipes, or change plumbing.
Therefore, to make water supply for housing (a house or an apartment), two factors must be agreed – a competent design project (especially in terms of plumbing) and the choice of a company that will design the water supply to meet these requirements. In the process of developing a design project, you should pay attention to visual solutions for plumbing and the cost of materials that will suit you. In addition, when the project is ready, you can contact Alter Air to install the optimal plumbing system.
The main difference is that it is impossible to change the water pressure in a water supply system in an apartment. City water supply provides a specific volume of water through a pipeline of a certain diameter, which cannot be changed. Therefore, when buying an apartment, you should always pay attention to what pipelines were installed, materials used and what is the real water pressure in the house.
In a private house, water comes from a well, and the pressure can be regulated by a submersible pump. The diameter of the pipeline is selected independently considering the necessary plumbing so that there are no problems in the future.
The cost of the project should be calculated individually.
If we focus on the average cost of design (excluding installation and materials), we can talk about 15,000 UAH for an area of 100 m2. The price of the water supply project of a private house and an apartment is approximately the same.
To get advice on your project or calculate the cost of a water supply project, call us or leave a request on the website. Our managers will be able to answer your questions and find the best solutions for designing water supply system in your house or apartment.
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Сергей МазурИнженер-проектировщик
Sergiiy Mazur