Ventilation in the kitchen: principle and correct installation

Published 01 Dec 2021
Updated 30 Nov 2023
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Content
  1. Why you need ventilation in the kitchen
  2. Requirements for the kitchen ventilation system
  3. Natural and forced ventilation in the kitchen: what to choose
  4. Preparation for installation of ventilation in the kitchen
    1. Calculation of kitchen ventilation
    2. Duct selection
  5. Installation of ventilation in the kitchen
    1. Air vent
    2. Kitchen hood installation
    3. Duct laying
    4. Installation of an air supply valve
  6. FAQ
    1. Is it possible to ventilate the kitchen without air exhaust kitchen hood?
    2. How can you hide the ventilation in the kitchen?
    3. What are the features of kitchen ventilation in a private house?
  7. Our video reviews

Efficient exhaust system and ventilation in the kitchen is a necessary in every apartment and house. To maintain optimal air exchange, it is necessary to ensure a constant flow of air into the room so that the air is efficiently extracted through the kitchen hood into the ventilation duct. Thanks to the kitchen exhaust system, the process of removing odors, as well as excess moisture and fat, will take place.

Designing a kitchen ventilation system is an essential component because without a competent drawing and calculations, air exchange can be disturbed, and this will lead to discomfort in the room, and the ventilation in the kitchen will work inefficiently.

In this article, you can find out how to properly implement ventilation in the kitchen, whether it is worth doing it yourself, in general, why it needs to be implemented and what requirements must be met, as well as what types can be used indoors and what are their differences in installation.

Example of kitchen with window and ventilation
Faber Cylindra Kitchen Hood

Why you need ventilation in the kitchen

Ventilation in a city apartment in the kitchen is considered an indispensable element for creating an optimal indoor climate. The ventilation system in the kitchen is a construction design that includes a kitchen exhaust system and an air supply system. It is located above the stove and is designed to collect fumes and odors that appear during cooking, as well as to release them onto the roof.

To achieve efficient operation of the ventilation system in the kitchen, you need to trust the experts, as they will make high-quality design, observing all the standards and requirements necessary for your home.

Requirements for the kitchen ventilation system

For the optimal functioning of the kitchen ventilation system, it must be considered that the kitchen hood is designed to take in unwanted impurities that appear during the heat treatment of products. In order for the ventilation in the kitchen to work efficiently, the following rule must be observed: the amount of air that is taken from the kitchen must be equal to the amount of air that enters this room.

Many manufacturers who want to have a high demand, selling various models of kitchen hood, write the wrong amount of air intake (600, 800, 1000 cubic meters of air), which the device itself cannot physically intake

The reasons are as follows:

  • small diameter ventilation duct, the standard size of which is 140 mm by 140 mm. To send 1000 cubic meters of air to the ventilation duct, the speed will exceed the standard one, which is equal to 3 m/s, since the speed in the duct directly depends on the cross-section of the duct.

The air velocity in the duct can be calculated using the formula: V = L / (3600 * S) = 1000 / (3600 * 0.14 * 0.14) = 14.1 m/s – which is 4.7 times higher than the generally accepted indicator.

  • in order for the kitchen hood and ventilation in the kitchen to function properly, it is necessary to supply the same amount of air when taking in 1000 cubic meters of air.

What is needed for air supply?

Today, many people have adapted to the use of kitchen ventilation, and to supply the required amount of air, simply open the window. As a result, the hood receives a supply of air and begins to work on the intake of odors, fumes, etc. particles. At the same time, it should be noted that the ventilation duct, which was built by the developer, physically cannot pass large volumes of air, for example, 1000 cubic meters of air.

Therefore, it is better to contact Alter Air specialists who will be able to make a high-quality calculation. It will show you the optimal duct size to allow some air to pass through, as well as prevent problems such as:

  • when choosing a kitchen hood for a cooking surface, it must be taken into account that the ventilation duct has its section, which can pass no more than 600 cubic meters of air;
  • the air duct from the kitchen hood to the ventilation duct must be calculated for the size required for the amount of air. This is necessary so that air can be transported through the duct without difficulty;
  • there is not enough supply air. The kitchen hood above the cooking surface always needs airflow, which implies an open window, or the installation of supply ventilation.

Natural and forced ventilation in the kitchen: what to choose

Natural ventilation cannot be used for the kitchen; only forced ventilation is installed there.

Forced ventilation is divided into several types, which differ in the use of various equipment:

  • For effective operation of ventilation in the kitchen, it is necessary to ensure that the same amount of air is supplied and extracted. Therefore, the easiest way is to open a window to allow fresh air to flow into the room. However, this option has the following disadvantages: the residents of the house will feel discomfort when cold comes from the open window, and the process of lowering the temperature in the room will also occur, and, accordingly, the ventilation system will not be able to eliminate the load on the heating system.
  • Installation of forced ventilation is considered the best solution, in comparison with opening a window. With the help of automation, when the hood is turned on, the supply ventilation in the kitchen will also turn on, which will compensate for the exhaust air.
  • Exhaust ventilation system with air supply + additional exhaust ventilation system (installed in the ceiling above the cooking surface). Such a system is the use of a conventional hood to extract odors and vapors, while the air is compensated by the air supply. However, the kitchen hood will not be able to extract all the exhaust air and still a small amount of smell will get away from the exhaust device. For high-quality air intake, you can install an additional exhaust ventilation system using a forced duct fan, which will provide the intake of other odors that are not picked up by the hood and throw them into the ventilation duct. 
  • Jablotron Futura L or Jablotron Futura M will allow you to ventilate your kitchen when combined with a Faber kitchen hood. Kitchen hoods are placed above the cooking surface, connected with a ventilation system using electronic VAV-valves. The operation of the Faber hood is based on the extraction of exhaust air through the ventilation unit. The ventilation unit ensures the supply of the optimal amount of air into the room, and the exhaust of the same amount of air is carried out through the Faber hood.

The principle of operation of the Jablotron Futura L and Futura M systems is as follows:

  1. The ventilation system works, taking into account the indicators from the sensors CO2, hat are located in each residential area. VAV-valves that are connected to sensors consider the amount of carbon dioxide that is present in the dwelling.
  2. When the CO2 concentration in the room is high, the system supplies fresh air to the room where it is needed. If the room is filled with clean air, then the valve closes and does not supply air.
  3. When the Faber hood is turned on, the system sends all the power to the hood in the kitchen, closing all its dampers, including wardrobes, bathrooms, toilets, and opening the damper of the Faber VAV valve. At the same time, the air supply will be carried out in the bedroom, and the entire intake will be carried out using the Faber hood in the kitchen. As a result, not a single odor molecule gets into the rooms.

The Jablotron ventilation unit when combined with a Faber kitchen hood, will provide a balance between fresh air supply and exhaust air intake. Thanks to the automation that allows you to combine the ventilation unit and the kitchen hood, the Faber hood will be able to reuse the heat generated during cooking thanks to a recuperator. The balanced operation of the Jablotron ventilation unit and the Faber kitchen hood can prevent the spread of odors throughout the apartment or house, as well as reduce the load on the heating system during the cold season.

This will provide the reduction in heating system costs for residents, and the Jablotron ventilation system will make your home as comfortable as possible, regardless of the time of year.

Preparation for installation of ventilation in the kitchen

To prepare for the installation of ventilation and kitchen hoods in the kitchen, it is necessary to make project documentation depending on the concept.

According to this, the design of the ventilation system includes the layout of air ducts, the location, and selection of equipment that will create an optimal microclimate in the premises.

Alter Air experts specialize in this service, so after consulting them, you will receive an individual project, high-quality installation and commissioning of the ventilation system. Based on this, the price of installing the kitchen hood is calculated, which depends on various components. 

Calculation of kitchen ventilation

The calculation of ventilation is based on the selected kitchen hood. 

Let us consider the example of the ventilation of a restaurant or cafe.

his place needs an efficient ventilation system, as people who come to the establishment want to spend time in comfort. To do this, it is necessary to create the optimal temperature, humidity in the room, as well as organize the supply and intake of a certain amount of air so that the hall always has clean air without various odors.

Restaurant ventilation
Ventilation system of the restaurant (cafe)

Restaurants are ventilated using special kW kitchen fans, which are designed for professional kitchens with an airflow rate of more than 2,000 cubic meters. The principle of operation of the ventilation system is as follows: air is supplied to the halls where customers are located, as well as the exhaust of this air is carried out through kitchen hoods using kW kitchen fans. 

In addition, for greater efficiency of the ventilation system, you can install Hoval recuperators that are designed to work with fat. Since stoves that are designed for restaurants use 20 kW of energy per hour, it is possible not to throw heat outdoors, but to utilize it through the recuperator and heat clean supply air.

If the kitchen hood above the cooking surface takes 2000 cubic meters of air, you need to provide the same amount of air supply.

The second option is the selection of the kitchen hood, which depends on the number of seats for the customers of the establishment, for whom the staff will work, using the ventilation device in the kitchen.

Ventilation for a country house involves considering the exhaust range for the frying surface, which is 400-500 cubic meters.

Duct selection

Air ducts are selected for airflow, in which the air velocity in the duct should not exceed 3 m/s.

A problem that can arise when redeveloping an apartment (when the kitchen changes places with the room) is that the ventilation duct remains in the same place where the planned kitchen was originally. Based on this, the ventilation duct is far from the cooking surface and when laying air ducts from the cooking surface to the ventilation duct, difficulties may arise, which are as follows:

  1. A fan that does not have a large air pressure cannot cope with air intake through the air ducts to the ventilation duct, since the device simply will not have enough power. Therefore, the kitchen hood  should be located next to the exhaust duct or as close as possible to it.
  2. Incompetent workers who install the exhaust system in the kitchen and want to save space under the ceiling lay the minimum height of the duct in height, which is 100 mm by 50 mm. This installation is not a rational solution, since it is impossible to pass a large amount of air through such a small height. For example, a fan supplies 1000 cubic meters of air, and the line is designed to let through only 150 cubic meters of air. Consequently, the kitchen hood and ventilation in the kitchen will work inefficiently.

Installation of ventilation in the kitchen

The kitchen is considered one of the most polluted areas in the apartment, so the designers initially provide for the possibility of installing ventilation for air exhaust.

High-quality installation of ventilation in the kitchen is indispensable, so it is better to leave the installation to specialists to prevent problems with the functioning of the ventilation system over time

Each house has a ventilation shaft, into which all odors, fumes from the kitchen are thrown, but it is necessary to create an airflow. Accordingly, an open window can be used as an inflow, a supply ventilation installation, but at the same time, the kitchen hood will not be able to remove all the exhaust air. That is why an effective way to extract air is to install additional ventilation with air supply, or to install a Futura L/Futura M with Faber kitchen hood from the same manufacturer, Jablotron.

Air vent

In apartments and houses it is strictly forbidden to throw air from the cooking surface into the street. The intake of exhaust air should be carried out only through the ventilation duct, which the developer initially makes in the kitchen.

For example, your downstairs neighbor punches an additional hole for ventilation because he wants to get more fresh air and not throw out fumes and odors through the ventilation duct. All spent odors will go up from the window, as a result of which, the rest of the tenants will feel discomfort because when the window is open, odors will enter your home.

Kitchen hood installation

Faber Cylindra Kitchen Hood
Faber Cylindra Kitchen Hood

Many customers cannot decide which kitchen hood placement would be best suited for installation in an apartment or house, so our experts will provide you with options that are ideal for your design, considering the required power, kitchen area and finances of our clients.

The installation of a kitchen hood depends on the performance, it can be: mounted or built into the kitchen.

Duct laying

In most cases, in the kitchen ventilation scheme, air ducts are laid in the false ceiling area of in order to avoid violating the design.

For efficient operation of the ventilation system, it is necessary to install a kitchen hood as close as possible to the air vent. The quality of the functioning of the system depends on the length of the air ducts, since the longer they are, the more noise the ventilation system makes, since it has many bends.

Installation of an air supply valve

The air supply valve is the solution for getting air in order for the ventilation in the kitchen to function, since the device can cause the rarefaction of air. At the same time, it should be noted that the supply valve cannot supply more than 60 cubic meters of air, and kitchen hoods for the home are designed to take 500 cubic meters of air, or even more. Therefore, installing only one valve is an irrational solution, since one valve will not be enough for the optimal operation of the ventilation system.

The supply valve is installed under the ceiling, where the maximum amount of accumulation of thermal energy is formed. Such installation is carried out to provide already warm air when transporting it from top to bottom.

FAQ

Is it possible to ventilate the kitchen without air exhaust kitchen hood?

Yes, you can use a recirculating kitchen hood as ventilation in the kitchen. It does not take air from the room, but only cleans it. The principle of operation is that the streams of heated and polluted air pass through a system of filters, in which all particles of the exhaust air remain, and the already purified air is returned to the kitchen.

The recirculating kitchen hood does not require fresh air supply during its operation, since the amount of air is not reduced in volume during cleaning.

Our experts do not recommend the use of a recirculating kitchen hood because the disadvantage of the equipment is the need for frequent filter changes (replacement should occur approximately once every 2 weeks).

How can you hide the ventilation in the kitchen?

Ventilation in the kitchen can be hidden either in the false ceiling area or in furniture.

Installing an exhaust vent duct in false ceilings is an inconspicuous option that will not spoil the interior design.

It should be noted that this installation has its drawbacks. If possible malfunctions occur, which involve the failure of the air ducts, you will have to disassemble the stretch ceiling to fix the problem. This can lead to additional costs, since in order to restore the original appearance, it is necessary to turn to specialists again to sew up the ceiling.

In addition, in order to hide the ventilation in the kitchen in the false ceiling, a prerequisite is the lowering of the ceiling. Thus, in order to make such an installation, it is desirable to have initially higher ceilings in the room. In the case of a low kitchen ceiling, using this method is irrational.

The second option, how to hide a hood duct, is to use a kitchen set. To achieve this, the kitchen hood is built into a separate cabinet. It is located above the stove, while leaving the control panel freely accessible. This design will perfectly match your kitchen design without taking up much space. The advantage of this option is the fact that in case of repair work, the removal of the panel will not cause difficulties, and after completion it will be possible to install the kitchen setback.

What are the features of kitchen ventilation in a private house?

Installing a ventilation system in a kitchen in an apartment is no different from installing it in a private house.

Forced ventilation in the kitchen is divided into several types:

  • kitchen hood + window;
  • kitchen hood + supply ventilation;
  • kitchen hood with air supply + additional exhaust ventilation system;
  • Jablotron Futura L and Futura M + Faber kitchen hood.

You can learn more about each type of forced ventilation in the section: "Natural and forced ventilation: what to choose."

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